a是泛指,one是特指
不定式冠詞a與one的用法
作「一(個)」講,不定冠詞a所表達的「數量」這一概念,遠不如one這個數詞來得明確和恰當(註: 這樣使用,a或an就是one的弱勢形式 。參見詞目1、3和4)。
例如:I want to live a hundred years.-M.Swan.我想要活100歲。(是一種「姑妄言之」的說法,所以要用a,不用one)
The journey took exactly one hundred days.-M.Swan.這次旅行整整歷時100天。(這裡說的是一個事實,所以要用one,不用a,並可加飾exactly這樣一個副詞)
比較:
Give me an apple,will you?給我一隻蘋果,好嗎?(是與some或any相對而言)
Give me one apple,will you?給我一隻蘋果,好嗎?(是與two、three…相對而言)
We saw a panda in the Zoo this morning.今天早晨我們在動物園裡看見一頭熊貓。(是回答「What did you see in the Zoo this morning?」的提問,所以強調的是panda)
We saw one panda in the Zoo this morning.今天早晨我們在動物園裡看見一頭熊貓。(是回答「How many pandasdid you see in the Zoo this morning?」的提問,所以強調的是one)
「Can a boy carry it?」-「No,perhaps a man can.」「孩子拿 得動嗎?」--「不,也許成年人拿得動。」(a不一定要跟two、three…相遞增)
「Can one boy carry it?」-「No,perhaps two boys can.」「一 個孩子拿得動嗎?」--「不,也許兩個孩子拿得動。」(one 必須跟two、three…相遞增)
It seems only a day or two since we first came.我們初到這裡,好像只過了一、兩天。(也許是一天或一天多或甚至兩天)
It seems only one or two days since we first came.我們初到這裡,好像只過了一天或兩天。(不是一天就是兩天)
It has rained for more than a week.雨已下了一星期多了(也許是八、九天)。
It has rained for more than one week.雨已下了不止一星期了。(也許是兩星期)
2.作「同一」或「同樣」講,a所表達的「一體」這一概念,也不如one來得明快和響亮。
例如:In the old society,two of a trade could never agree.在舊社會同行是怨家。
We all march forward to one objective,i.e.,communism.
我們大家朝著一個目標--共產主義,前進
a
[ei; ə]
art.
表示「一(個, 件…)
He needs an assistant.
他需要一位助手。
(非特指的)一(個)
He works in a factory.
他在一家工廠工作。
(同類事物中的)任何一(個)
A child needs love.
兒童需要愛。
(用於表示時間、速度、價格等意義的)每一
The boy was paid two dollars a day.
那男孩每天掙兩美元。
(用在某些物質名詞和抽象名詞前)一陣、一場、一種
A gentle wind disturbed the surface of the water.
微風拂動水面。
one
[wʌn]
num.
(數字)一
A person has one head and one neck.
人有一個頭和一條脖子。
n.
一個人, 任何人, 人們
One can't be too careful in matters like this.
在這種問題上再怎麼小心都不為過。
(表示與別的對照)某一例[類]
pron.
用於代替表示單個的事或人的名詞或名詞短語
There are only hard chocolates left, we've eaten all the soft ones.
只剩下巧克力硬糖, 我們把軟糖全吃光了。
adj.
某一個
某一
I met her one afternoon in June.
六月的一天下午我遇到了她。
同一個
惟一的
參考資料:簡明英漢詞典
- She will be here in an hour. (不是很肯定用an,而不用one)
- Can I have a piece of paper?
- Can I have some paper?
- Could you give him a pencil and some paper?
- I have some cake.
- I have some apples.
- I have many apples.
- How many oranges do you have? I have one orange.(回答how many用明確的數量,用one)
- I just want to say one word to you.(one word 一句話)
- What do you have? I have oranges .
- There are three houses, which has one bedroom, one kitchen and bathroom.(明確的數量,用one)
- Why are you asking me the questions ?(questions表示問了很多問題,如果用單數,表示只問一個問題)
- I have a stomachache.
- I have a bad cold.
- I need medicine.
- But there's one thing....
- What sports do you play in your free time?
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